• Legal Information
  • ▶DirectX Software Development Kit
  • ▼DirectX Graphics
    • ▼Direct3D 9
      • Converting to Direct3D 9
      • ▶Programming Guide
      • ▶Graphics Tools
      • ▶Tutorials and Samples
      • ▼Reference
        • ▶Direct3D Reference
        • ▶D3DX Reference
        • ▼HLSL Shader Reference
          • ▶Variable Declaration Syntax
          • ▶Function Declaration Syntax
          • Shader Semantic Syntax
          • Fragment Declaration Syntax
          • Appendix
          • ▼HLSL Intrinsic Functions
            • abs - HLSL
            • acos - HLSL
            • all - HLSL
            • any - HLSL
            • asin - HLSL
            • atan - HLSL
            • atan2 - HLSL
            • ceil - HLSL
            • clamp - HLSL
            • clip - HLSL
            • cos - HLSL
            • cosh - HLSL
            • cross - HLSL
            • D3DCOLORtoUBYTE4 - HLSL
            • ddx - HLSL
            • ddy - HLSL
            • degrees - HLSL
            • determinant - HLSL
            • distance - HLSL
            • dot - HLSL
            • exp - HLSL
            • exp2 - HLSL
            • faceforward - HLSL
            • floor - HLSL
            • fmod - HLSL
            • frac - HLSL
            • frexp - HLSL
            • fwidth - HLSL
            • isfinite - HLSL
            • isinf - HLSL
            • isnan - HLSL
            • ldexp - HLSL
            • length - HLSL
            • lerp - HLSL
            • lit - HLSL
            • log - HLSL
            • log2 - HLSL
            • log10 - HLSL
            • max - HLSL
            • min - HLSL
            • modf - HLSL
            • mul - HLSL
            • noise - HLSL
            • normalize - HLSL
            • pow - HLSL
            • radians - HLSL
            • reflect - HLSL
            • refract - HLSL
            • round - HLSL
            • rsqrt - HLSL
            • saturate - HLSL
            • sign - HLSL
            • sin - HLSL
            • sincos - HLSL
            • sinh - HLSL
            • smoothstep - HLSL
            • sqrt - HLSL
            • step - HLSL
            • tan - HLSL
            • tanh - HLSL
            • tex1D - HLSL
            • tex1Dbias - HLSL
            • tex1Dlod - HLSL
            • tex1Dgrad - HLSL
            • tex1Dproj - HLSL
            • tex2D - HLSL
            • tex2Dbias - HLSL
            • tex2Dlod - HLSL
            • tex2Dgrad - HLSL
            • tex2Dproj - HLSL
            • tex3D - HLSL
            • tex3Dbias - HLSL
            • tex3Dlod - HLSL
            • tex3Dgrad - HLSL
            • tex3Dproj - HLSL
            • texCUBE - HLSL
            • texCUBEbias - HLSL
            • texCUBElod - HLSL
            • texCUBEgrad - HLSL
            • texCUBEproj - HLSL
            • transpose - HLSL
        • ▶Effect Reference
        • ▶Asm Shader Reference
        • ▶DXUT Reference
        • ▶X File Reference
        • ▶X File Reference (Legacy)
        • ▶DDS File Reference
  • ▶DirectX Input
  • ▶DirectX Audio
  • ▶DirectX SDK Technical Articles
  • Glossary
  • ▶DirectX SDK
  • ▶DirectMusic
  • ▶DirectPlay