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XInput is an API that allows applications to receive input from the Xbox 360 Controller for Windows. This document describes the differences between XInput and DirectInput implementations of the Xbox 360 Controller and how you can support XInput devices and legacy DirectInput devices at the same time.
XInput is now available for game development. This is the new input standard for both the Xbox 360 and Windows XP Service Pack 1 and above, and Windows Vista. The APIs are available through the DirectX SDK and the driver is available on Windows Update and Windowsgaming.com.
There are several advantages to using XInput over DirectInput:
The Xbox 360 Controller is properly enumerated on DirectInput, and can be used with the DirectInput APIs. However, some functionality provided by XInput will be missing from the DirectInput implementation:
The combination of the left and right triggers in DirectInput is by design. Games have always assumed that DirectInput device axes are centered when there is no user interaction with the device. However, the Xbox 360 controller was designed to register minimum value, not center, when the triggers are not being held. Older games would therefore assume user interaction.
The solution was to combine the triggers, setting one trigger to a positive direction and the other to a negative direction, so no user interaction is indicative to DirectInput of the 'control' being at center.
In order to test the trigger values separately, you must use XInput.
By supporting XInput only, your game will not work with legacy DirectInput devices. XInput will not recognize these devices.
If you want your game to support legacy DirectInput devices, you may use DirectInput and XInput side by side. When enumerating your DirectInput devices, all DirectInput devices will enumerate correctly. All XInput devices will show up as both XInput and DirectInput devices, but they should not be handled through DirectInput. You will need to determine which of your Dinput devices are legacy devices, and which are XInput devices, and remove them from the enumeration of DirectInput devices.
To do this, insert this code into your DirectInput enumeration callback:
#include <wbemidl.h>
#include <oleauto.h>
#include <wmsstd.h>
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Enum each PNP device using WMI and check each device ID to see if it contains
// "IG_" (ex. "VID_045E&PID_028E&IG_00"). If it does, then it's an XInput device
// Unfortunately this information can not be found by just using DirectInput
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOOL IsXInputDevice( const GUID* pGuidProductFromDirectInput )
{
IWbemLocator* pIWbemLocator = NULL;
IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumDevices = NULL;
IWbemClassObject* pDevices[20] = {0};
IWbemServices* pIWbemServices = NULL;
BSTR bstrNamespace = NULL;
BSTR bstrDeviceID = NULL;
BSTR bstrClassName = NULL;
DWORD uReturned = 0;
bool bIsXinputDevice= false;
UINT iDevice = 0;
VARIANT var;
HRESULT hr;
// CoInit if needed
hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
bool bCleanupCOM = SUCCEEDED(hr);
// Create WMI
hr = CoCreateInstance( __uuidof(WbemLocator),
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
__uuidof(IWbemLocator),
(LPVOID*) &pIWbemLocator);
if( FAILED(hr) || pIWbemLocator == NULL )
goto LCleanup;
bstrNamespace = SysAllocString( L"\\\\.\\root\\cimv2" );if( bstrNamespace == NULL ) goto LCleanup;
bstrClassName = SysAllocString( L"Win32_PNPEntity" ); if( bstrClassName == NULL ) goto LCleanup;
bstrDeviceID = SysAllocString( L"DeviceID" ); if( bstrDeviceID == NULL ) goto LCleanup;
// Connect to WMI
hr = pIWbemLocator->ConnectServer( bstrNamespace, NULL, NULL, 0L,
0L, NULL, NULL, &pIWbemServices );
if( FAILED(hr) || pIWbemServices == NULL )
goto LCleanup;
// Switch security level to IMPERSONATE.
CoSetProxyBlanket( pIWbemServices, RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, NULL,
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE );
hr = pIWbemServices->CreateInstanceEnum( bstrClassName, 0, NULL, &pEnumDevices );
if( FAILED(hr) || pEnumDevices == NULL )
goto LCleanup;
// Loop over all devices
for( ;; )
{
// Get 20 at a time
hr = pEnumDevices->Next( 10000, 20, pDevices, &uReturned );
if( FAILED(hr) )
goto LCleanup;
if( uReturned == 0 )
break;
for( iDevice=0; iDevice<uReturned; iDevice++ )
{
// For each device, get its device ID
hr = pDevices[iDevice]->Get( bstrDeviceID, 0L, &var, NULL, NULL );
if( SUCCEEDED( hr ) && var.vt == VT_BSTR && var.bstrVal != NULL )
{
// Check if the device ID contains "IG_". If it does, then it's an XInput device
// This information can not be found from DirectInput
if( wcsstr( var.bstrVal, L"IG_" ) )
{
// If it does, then get the VID/PID from var.bstrVal
DWORD dwPid = 0, dwVid = 0;
WCHAR* strVid = wcsstr( var.bstrVal, L"VID_" );
if( strVid && swscanf( strVid, L"VID_%4X", &dwVid ) != 1 )
dwVid = 0;
WCHAR* strPid = wcsstr( var.bstrVal, L"PID_" );
if( strPid && swscanf( strPid, L"PID_%4X", &dwPid ) != 1 )
dwPid = 0;
// Compare the VID/PID to the DInput device
DWORD dwVidPid = MAKELONG( dwVid, dwPid );
if( dwVidPid == pGuidProductFromDirectInput->Data1 )
{
bIsXinputDevice = true;
goto LCleanup;
}
}
}
SAFE_RELEASE( pDevices[iDevice] );
}
}
LCleanup:
if(bstrNamespace)
SysFreeString(bstrNamespace);
if(bstrDeviceID)
SysFreeString(bstrDeviceID);
if(bstrClassName)
SysFreeString(bstrClassName);
for( iDevice=0; iDevice<20; iDevice++ )
SAFE_RELEASE( pDevices[iDevice] );
SAFE_RELEASE( pEnumDevices );
SAFE_RELEASE( pIWbemLocator );
SAFE_RELEASE( pIWbemServices );
if( bCleanupCOM )
CoUninitialize();
return bIsXinputDevice;
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: EnumJoysticksCallback()
// Desc: Called once for each enumerated joystick. If we find one, create a
// device interface on it so we can play with it.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOOL CALLBACK EnumJoysticksCallback( const DIDEVICEINSTANCE* pdidInstance,
VOID* pContext )
{
HRESULT hr;
if( IsXInputDevice( &pdidInstance->guidProduct ) )
return DIENUM_CONTINUE;
// Device is verified not XInput, so add it to the list of DInput devices
return DIENUM_CONTINUE;
}
Getting Started With XInput | XInput Reference | XInput Samples | DirectInput