Vertex buffer objects enable applications to directly access the memory allocated for vertex data. You can retrieve a pointer to vertex buffer memory by calling the IDirect3DVertexBuffer8::Lock method, and then accessing the memory as needed to fill the buffer with new vertex data or to read any data it already contains. The Lock method accepts four parameters. The first, OffsetToLock, is the offset into the vertex data. The second parameter is the size, measured in bytes, of the vertex data. The third parameter accepted by the Lock method, ppbData, is the address of a BYTE pointer that points to the vertex data, if the call succeeds.

The last parameter, Flags, tells the system how the memory should be locked. You can use it to indicate how the application will access the data in the buffer. Specify constants for the Flags parameter according to the way the vertex data will be accessed. This allows the driver to lock the memory and provide the best performance, given the requested access type. Use D3DLOCK_READONLY flag if your application will read only from the vertex buffer memory. Including this flag enables Microsoft® Direct3D® to optimize its internal procedures to improve efficiency, given that access to the memory will be read-only.

After you finish filling or reading the vertex data, call the IDirect3DVertexBuffer8::Unlock method, as shown in the following code example.

// This code example assumes the g_pVB is a variable of type 
// LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER8 and that g_Vertices has been properly 
// initialized with vertices.

// To fill the vertex buffer, you need to lock the buffer to
// gain access to the vertices. This mechanism is required because 
// vertex buffers may be in device memory.
VOID* pVertices;

if( FAILED( g_pVB->Lock( 0,                  // Fill from the start of 
                                             // the buffer.
                         sizeof(g_Vertices), // Size of the data to 
                                             // load.
                         (BYTE**)&pVertices, // Returned vertex data.
                         0 ) ) )             // Send default flags to 
                                             // the lock.
    return E_FAIL;

memcpy( pVertices, g_Vertices, sizeof(g_Vertices) );
g_pVB->Unlock();

Performance Notes  If you create a vertex buffer with the D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY flag, do not use the D3DLOCK_READONLY locking flag. Use the D3DLOCK_READONLY flag if your application will read only from the vertex buffer memory. Including this flag enables Direct3D to optimize its internal procedures to improve efficiency, given that access to the memory will be read-only.

See Using Dynamic Vertex and Index Buffers for information on using D3DLOCK_DISCARD or D3DLOCK_NOOVERWRITE for the Flags parameter of the Lock method.

In C++, because you directly access the memory allocated for the vertex buffer, make sure your application properly accesses the allocated memory. Otherwise, you risk rendering that memory invalid. Use the stride of the vertex format that your application uses to move from one vertex in the allocated buffer to another. The vertex buffer memory is a simple array of vertices specified in flexible vertex format. Use the stride of whatever vertex format structure you define. You can calculate the stride of each vertex at run time by examining the Flexible Vertex Format Flags contained in the vertex buffer description. The following table shows the size for each vertex component.

The number of texture coordinates present in the vertex format is described by the D3DFVF_TEXn flags (where n is a value from 0 to 8). Multiply the number of texture coordinate sets by the size of one set of texture coordinates, which can range from one to four floats, to calculate the memory required for that number of texture coordinates.

Use the total vertex stride to increment and decrement the memory pointer as needed to access particular vertices.

You can retrieve information about a vertex buffer by calling the IDirect3DVertexBuffer8::GetDesc method. This method fills the members of the D3DVERTEXBUFFER_DESC structure with information about the vertex buffer.