MSM9108001: Subtracting Two Externs Gives Incorrect Results

ID Number: Q75177

6.00 | 6.00

MS-DOS | OS/2

buglist6.00 fixlist6.00a

Summary:

SYMPTOMS

Subtracting two external variables in the Microsoft Macro Assembler

(MASM) version 6.0 results in an incorrect value, and the assembler

does not generate any errors. It should produce an error similar to

the one received in MASM 5.1, such as:

A2032: Illegal Use of extern

CAUSE

When subtracting two local variables, the assembler will correctly

calculate the difference in their offsets. However, with external

variables, it does not know the offset at assemble time, so it

cannot correctly determine their difference.

RESOLUTION

The difference in offsets for external variables can be calculated

by moving the values into registers or temporary variables and then

performing the calculation. The sample code below illustrates this

problem.

STATUS

Microsoft has confirmed this to be a problem in MASM version 6.0.

This problem was corrected in MASM version 6.0a.

More Information:

Sample Code 1

-------------

; Assemble options needed: none

.model small

.data

extrn Var1 : byte, Var2 : byte ; The extern variables

.stack

.code

.startup

mov ax, offset Var1 ; Gives correct offset of extern var1

mov bx, offset Var2 ; Gives correct offset of extern var2

mov cx, (Var2 - Var1) ; Incorrectly calculate a zero for

; the difference

sub bx, ax ; This will calculate the correct value

end

Sample Code 2

-------------

; Contains the external variable definitions

PUBLIC Var1, Var2

.model small

.data

Var1 byte '5'

Var2 byte '9'

end