The information in this article applies to:
- Microsoft Excel 98 Macintosh Edition
- Microsoft Excel 97 for Windows
- Microsoft Excel for Windows 95, version 7.0
- Microsoft Excel For Windows, versions 5.0, 5.0c
- Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh, versions 5.0, 5.0a
- Microsoft Excel for Windows NT, version 5.0
SUMMARY
In Microsoft Excel, you can create a macro that will be called only when a
value is entered into a cell in a particular sheet or in any sheet that is
currently open.
Note, however, that you should not call macros unnecessarily because they
will slow down the performance of Microsoft Excel.
MORE INFORMATION
Microsoft provides programming examples for illustration only, without
warranty either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the
implied warranties of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular
purpose. This article assumes that you are familiar with the programming
language being demonstrated and the tools used to create and debug
procedures. Microsoft support engineers can help explain the functionality
of a particular procedure, but they will not modify these examples to
provide added functionality or construct procedures to meet your specific
needs. If you have limited programming experience, you may want to contact
the Microsoft fee-based consulting line at (800) 936-5200. For more
information about the support options available from Microsoft, please see
the following page on the World Wide Web:
http://www.microsoft.com/support/supportnet/refguide/default.asp
In many instances, a macro should run only when a certain number of cells
have values entered into them (referred to as the "key cells" in this
document). In order to prevent a large macro from running every time a
value is entered into a cell of a sheet, you must check to see if the
ActiveCell is one of the key cells. This can be accomplished by using the
Intersect method on the ActiveCell and the range containing the key cells
to verify the ActiveCell is one of the key cells. If the ActiveCell is in
the range containing the key cells, you can call the macro.
To run this sample macro, follow these steps:
- Open a new workbook.
- On Sheet1 in cell A11, type the following formula:
=SUM(A1:A10)
- Copy this formula to cells B11, C11, and D11.
In the example used here, the macro will cause the background color
of cells A11, B11, and C11 to change to red (or ColorIndex 3) if that
cell's value is larger than 50; otherwise, the cell's background color
will be normal. This is accomplished by checking for entries in
cells A1:A10, B1:B10, and C1:C10. Each time an entry is made in
any cell on Sheet1, the DidKeyCellsChange macro will run. This macro
decides if the ActiveCell is in the range of key cells (A1:C10). If
it is, the KeyCellsChanged macro is called to re-evaluate cells
A11:C11.
The following macros work together to perform this functionality.
The "Auto_Open" macro must be run once in order for the other macros
to be called.
- Insert a new module sheet. In Microsoft Excel 97, on the Tools menu,
point to Macro, and then click Visual Basic Editor. In the Editor, click
Module on the Insert menu. In Microsoft Excel versions 5.0 and 7.0,
point to Macro on the Insert menu, and then click Module.
- Type the following macro code into the module sheet:
Sub auto_open()
' Run the macro DidCellsChange any time a entry is made in a
' cell in Sheet1.
ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1").OnEntry = "DidCellsChange"
End Sub
Sub DidCellsChange()
Dim KeyCells as String
' Define which cells should trigger the KeyCellsChanged macro.
KeyCells = "A1:A10, B1:B10, C1:C10"
' If the Activecell is one of the key cells, call the
' KeyCellsChanged macro.
If Not Application.Intersect(ActiveCell, Range(KeyCells)) _
Is Nothing Then KeyCellsChanged
End Sub
Sub KeyCellsChanged()
Dim Cell as Object
' If the values in A11:C11 are greater than 50...
For Each Cell In Range("A11:C11")
If Cell > 50 Then
' Make the background color of the cell the 3rd color on the
' current palette.
Cell.Interior.ColorIndex = 3
Else
' Otherwise, set the background to none (default).
Cell.Interior.ColorIndex = xlNone
End If
Next Cell
End Sub
- Save the workbook, and then close it.
- Open the workbook.
This will cause the Auto_Open macro to run.
- In cell A1, type "60" (without the quotation marks).
Cell A11 should change to a Red background color because you changed
a cell in the KeyCells range and the value of cell A11 became greater
than 50.
- In cell D1, type "60" (without the quotation marks).
Nothing will happen to the color of D11, even though the value in D11
is now greater than 50. Nothing happens because cell D1 is not in the
KeyCells range.
REFERENCES
In Microsoft Excel version 7.0, for more information about running
procedures when an event occurs, click the Index tab in Microsoft Excel
Help, type the following text
procedures, running
double-click the appropriate text to go to the "Running procedures when
an event occurs" topic.
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