STL Sample for the Predicate Version of nth_element Function

• The Standard C++ Library included with: - Microsoft Visual C++, 32-bit Edition, version 4.2

SUMMARY

The sample code below illustrates how to use the predicate version of the nth_element STL function in Visual C++.

MORE INFORMATION

Required Header

   <algorithm>

Prototype

   template<class RandomAccessIterator, class Compare> inline
   void nth_element(RandomAccessIterator first,
                RandomAccessIterator nth,
                    RandomAccessIterator last,
                    Compare compare)

Description

The nth_element algorithm partitions the sequence [first..last) on the value referenced by nth. All the elements less than or equal to the value are placed before value and all elements greater than value are placed after value in the sequence.

The predicate version of nth_element uses the compare function for comparisons.

Sample Code

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Compile options needed: /GX
//
// nth_element.cpp : Illustrates how to use the predicate version
//                   of the nth_element function.
//
// Functions:
//
//    nth_element : Partition the elements in a sequence by its nth
//                  element.
//
// Written by Kalindi Sanghrajka
// of Microsoft Product Support Services,
// Software Core Developer Support.
// Copyright (c) 1996 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// disable warning C4786: symbol greater than 255 character,
// okay to ignore

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <vector>

void main()

    const int VECTOR_SIZE = 8 ;

    // Define a template class vector of int
    typedef vector<int, allocator<int> > IntVector ;

    //Define an iterator for template class vector of strings
    typedef IntVector::iterator IntVectorIt ;

    IntVector Numbers(VECTOR_SIZE) ;

    IntVectorIt start, end, it ;

    // Initialize vector Numbers
    Numbers[0] = 4 ;
    Numbers[1] = 10;
    Numbers[2] = 70 ;
    Numbers[3] = 30 ;
    Numbers[4] = 10;
    Numbers[5] = 69 ;
    Numbers[6] = 96 ;
    Numbers[7] = 100;

    start = Numbers.begin() ;   // location of first
                                // element of Numbers

    end = Numbers.end() ;       // one past the location
                                // last element of Numbers

    cout << "Before calling nth_element:\n" << endl ;

    // print content of Numbers
    cout << "Numbers { " ;
    for(it = start; it != end; it++)
        cout << *it << " " ;
    cout << " }\n" << endl ;

    // partition the elements by the 4th element
    nth_element(start, start+4, end, less<int>()) ;

    cout << "After calling nth_element:\n" << endl ;

    cout << "Numbers { " ;
    for(it = start; it != end; it++)
        cout << *it << " " ;
    cout << " }\n" << endl ;

Program Output is:

Before calling nth_element:

Numbers { 4 10 70 30 10 69 96 100 }

After calling nth_element:

Numbers { 4 10 10 30 69 70 96 100 }

REFERENCES

Visual C++ Books On Line: Visual C++ Books:C/C++:Standard C++ Library Reference.