How to Link Basic 7.1 with C 5.1, FORTRAN 5.0, and Pascal 4.0

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                   HOW TO LINK Basic PDS 7.1 WITH
                 C 5.1, FORTRAN 5.0, OR PASCAL 4.0

Introduction

This article describes how to link Basic Professional Development System (PDS) version 7.1 with C 5.1, FORTRAN 5.0, or Pascal 4.0.

This information applies only to Microsoft Basic PDS version 7.1, Microsoft C Compiler version 5.1, Microsoft FORTRAN Compiler version 5.0, and Microsoft Pascal Compiler version 4.0 for MS-DOS.

Basic programs compiled with Microsoft Basic PDS 7.1 use the Microsoft C version 6.0 and QuickC 2.50 format for start-up code and memory allocation. This format has changed so dramatically between C 5.1 and C 6.0 that Basic PDS 7.1 is not directly compatible with C 5.1, FORTRAN 5.0, or Pascal 4.0 (which use the C 5.1 format for start-up code and memory allocation).

   NOTE: Microsoft Basic PDS 7.1 is compatible with Microsoft C PDS
   6.0. Basic PDS 7.0 is compatible with C 5.1, but Basic PDS 7.1 is
   not directly compatible with C 5.1 unless you use the method
   described in this application note.

The files you downloaded from the MSL include the following two C 6.0 run- time libraries (which were built by running the C 6.0 SETUP.EXE program and choosing no GRAPHICS.LIB and no PGCHART.LIB included in the combined libraries):

   LLIBCER.LIB and LLIBCAR.LIB

Pascal 4.0

To make Basic PDS 7.1 compatible with Pascal 4.0, perform the following steps:

1. Make a copy of the Pascal run-time library that you want to make compatible with Basic PDS 7.1. (You must keep a separate copy of the original unmodified Pascal run-time library so you can continue to link Pascal 4.0 programs when not using mixed-language calls.)

2. Remove the following modules from the Pascal 4.0 run-time library: CRT0, FMALLOC, AMALLOC, NMALLOC, and PNMSIZE.

   An example of removing these modules from the LIBPASE.LIB library using the LIB.EXE utility is as follows:

         LIB LIBPASE.LIB -CRT0 -FMALLOC -AMALLOC -NMALLOC -PNMSIZE;
   

   Name your new Pascal library Newmixed.LIB (where Newmixed is the filename you assign); it is now a Pascal run-time library that has all of the conflicting code removed.

3. Remember that this application note provides large memory model support libraries (LLIBCER.LIB and LLIBCAR.LIB) from C 6.0; thus, you must design your Pascal program to follow the conventions of programming in a large memory model.

4. Please read the "Linking Your Compiled Programs" section further below.

FORTRAN 5.0

To make Basic PDS 7.1 compatible with FORTRAN 5.0, perform the following steps:

1. Make sure you have built the FORTRAN 5.0 library to be run-time compatible with C.

2. Make a copy of the FORTRAN run-time library you want to modify for Basic PDS 7.1 compatibility. (You must keep a separate copy of the original unmodified FORTRAN run-time library so you can continue to link FORTRAN 5.0 programs when not using mixed-language calls.)

3. Remove the CHKSTK module from the copy of the FORTRAN run-time library. An example of removing CHKSTK from FORTRAN's LLIBFER.LIB library using the LIB.EXE utility is as follows:

         LIB LLIBFER.LIB -CHKSTK;
   

   Name the new FORTRAN library Newmixed.LIB. Once the CHKSTK module has been removed, you should have a FORTRAN run-time library that has all of the conflicting code removed.

4. Remember that this application note provides large memory model support libraries from C 6.0; thus, you must design your FORTRAN program to follow the conventions of programming in a large memory model.

5. Please read the "Linking Your Compiled Programs" section below.

Linking Your Compiled Programs

Once you have modified the Pascal or FORTRAN library (Newmixed.LIB as described above) and you have compiled your Pascal or FORTRAN source file(s), you must link your object modules with the proper libraries in the proper order. In the LINK command line, you must specify the Basic library first, the C 6.0 library LLIBCER.LIB or LLIBCAR.LIB (included with this application note) second, and your new Pascal or FORTRAN library (Newmixed.LIB) last. You also must link with the /NOD and /NOE options to ensure that the default libraries the object files normally use are ignored and only the libraries you explicitly list are used. The following is an example

   LINK /NOD/NOE Bas1.OBJ + Mixed.OBJ, Bas1.EXE,,BRT71ENR.LIB +
                 LLIBCER.LIB + Newmixed.LIB;

C 5.1

To make Basic PDS 7.1 compatible with C 5.1, you must use a method different from the method used above for Pascal or FORTRAN.

Because the Basic PDS 7.1 and C 5.1 libraries aren't designed to be compatible, there isn't an easy way to make the two libraries work together. In this case, you must use the provided C 6.0 run-time libraries, which provide support for emulator (/FPi) (LLIBCER.LIB) and support for alternate math (/FPa) (LLIBCAR.LIB) support for MS-DOS.

The following are examples of the required Basic 7.1 and C 5.1 compiling and linking steps

   BC /FPi /O Btest.BAS;
   CL /c /AL /FPi Ctest.C
   LINK /NOD /NOE Btest + Ctest,,,BCL71ENR.LIB LLIBCER.LIB;

Final Note on Compatibility

Although the above methods have been designed to produce compatible results, we have not put them through a standard Microsoft mixed- language testing cycle, and it is possible that you may still encounter compatibility problems under certain conditions. We cannot guarantee the complete success of mixed-language programming of Basic 7.1 with C 5.1, FORTRAN 5.0, or Pascal 4.0. Further problems or questions can be directed to Microsoft Language Support Services.