Built-in pattern matching provides a versatile tool for making string comparisons. The following table shows the wildcard characters you can use with the Like operator and the number of digits or strings they match.
Character(s) in pattern | Matches in expression |
? | Any single character |
* | Zero or more characters |
# | Any single digit (0 — 9) |
[ charlist ] | Any single character in charlist |
[ !charlist ] | Any single character not in charlist |
You can use a group of one or more characters (charlist) enclosed in brackets ([ ]) to match any single character in expression, and charlist can include almost any characters in the ANSI character set, including digits. In fact, you can use the special characters opening bracket ( [ ), question mark (?), number sign (#), and asterisk (*) to match themselves directly only if enclosed in brackets. You can't use the closing bracket ( ] ) within a group to match itself, but you can use it outside a group as an individual character.
In addition to a simple list of characters enclosed in brackets, charlist can specify a range of characters by using a hyphen (-) to separate the upper and lower bounds of the range. For example, using [A-Z] in pattern results in a match if the corresponding character position in expression contains any of the uppercase letters in the range A through Z. You can include multiple ranges within the brackets without delimiting the ranges. For example, [a-zA-Z0-9] matches any alphanumeric character.
Other important rules for pattern matching include the following: