Using ROLLBACK and END TRANSACTION in Nested Transactions

ID: Q129647


The information in this article applies to:
  • Microsoft Visual FoxPro for Windows, version 3.0


SUMMARY

Visual FoxPro allows transactions to be nested up to five levels deep. This article explains the results of using ROLLBACK and END TRANSACTION within nested transactions.


MORE INFORMATION

When you issue a BEGIN TRANSACTION command, the transaction level is incremented by one.

When you issue an END TRANSACTION, changes to the same record are written starting at the first transaction level and ending with the fifth or last transaction level.

When you issue a ROLLBACK, changes to the same record are discarded beginning with the highest (fifth or last) transaction level and ending with the first transaction level.

Code Sample One

To test the behavior of nested transactions, follow these steps:

  1. Create a new database named NESTED that holds one table named TEST. Add one Character field named cLevel to the table.


  2. Create and run a new program containing the following code:
    
       OPEN DATABASE nested
       USE test
       APPEND BLANK
       BEGIN TRANSACTION
          REPLACE cLevel WITH "One"
          =tranlevel("Begin transaction")
          BEGIN TRANSACTION
             REPLACE cLevel WITH "Two"
             =tranlevel("Begin transaction")
             BEGIN TRANSACTION
                REPLACE cLevel WITH "Three"
                =tranlevel("Begin transaction")
             END TRANSACTION
             =tranlevel("End transaction")
          END TRANSACTION
          =tranlevel("End transaction")
       END TRANSACTION
       =tranlevel("End transaction")
    
       PROCEDURE tranlevel
       PARAMETER lcAction
    
       =MESSAGEBOX("Transaction level:  " + STR(TXNLEVEL()) + ;
                   CHR(13) + ;
                   "Action performed:   " + lcAction + ;
                   CHR(13) + ;
                   "cLevel value:      " + cLevel)
    
       *** End of code example 


When you run the program, you should see the level name change from "One" to "Two" to "Three" as the transaction level increases. As each transaction nesting level is committed with the END TRANSACTION command, you should see the transaction level decrease, but the value contained in the field cLevel name should remain constant at "Three."

Code Sample Two

Modify the program so that it reads as follows (the inner two END TRANSACTION commands have been changed to ROLLBACK commands). Rerun the program, and notice that the results are much different.

   OPEN DATABASE nested
   USE test
   APPEND BLANK
   BEGIN TRANSACTION
      REPLACE cLevel WITH "One"
      =tranlevel("Begin transaction")
      BEGIN TRANSACTION
         REPLACE cLevel WITH "Two"
         =tranlevel("Begin transaction")
         BEGIN TRANSACTION
            REPLACE cLevel WITH "Three"
            =tranlevel("Begin transaction")
         ROLLBACK
         =tranlevel("Rollback")
      ROLLBACK
      =tranlevel("Rollback")
   END TRANSACTION
   =tranlevel("End transaction")

   * PROCEDURE tranlevel DOES NOT CHANGE
   *** END OF CODE EXAMPLE 
The final value of the field cLevel should be "One."

Additional query words: VFoxWin

Keywords : kbcode FxprgClientsvr
Version : 3.00
Platform : WINDOWS
Issue type :


Last Reviewed: August 24, 1999
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