No Network Connectivity on TCP/IP-Based Network

ID: Q185753

The information in this article applies to:

Microsoft Windows 95
Microsoft Windows 98

SYMPTOMS

You may not be able to view or connect to any shared resources on a network that uses the Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), even though your network adapter and network server settings have been verified to work correctly.

CAUSE

This problem can occur if you change the Internet Protocol (IP) address for your computer to any of the following invalid IP addresses in the TCP/IP Properties dialog box:

0.0.0.0

127.<x>.<y>.<z>

255.0.0.0

255.255.0.0

255.255.255.0

255.255.255.255

To specify any of these addresses, you must click Specify An IP Address on the IP Address tab in the TCP/IP Properties dialog box, type the invalid TCP/IP address, click OK, click OK when you receive the following message, and then click Cancel:

The specified IP address is not valid. Please check that the value you typed is correct. If you believe the value is correct but you still receive this message, check with your network administrator.

RESOLUTION

To work around this problem, change the IP address to a valid IP address. To do so, follow these steps:

Click Start, point to Settings, click Control Panel, and then double- click Network.

On the Configuration tab, double-click either TCP/IP or "TCP/IP-><network adapter>," where <network adapter> is the name of your network adapter.

On the IP Address tab, type a valid IP address in the IP Address box, and then click OK. If you do not know a valid IP address for your computer, contact your network administrator.

Click OK, and then click OK.

STATUS

Microsoft has confirmed this to be a problem in Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows 98.

MORE INFORMATION

Networks that use TCP/IP set a unique IP address for each computer to determine its identity. The 127.0.0.1 IP address is reserved for testing the TCP/IP stack with the PING command. The following table lists IP addresses that are not valid for a computer, where <x.y.z> is a range of numbers from 0 to 254.


   Invalid IP address   Valid (reserved) usage
   -----------------------------------------------------
   127.0.0.1            Loopback/LocalHost address
   255.0.0.0            Class A subnet mask
   255.255.0.0          Class B subnet mask
   255.255.255.0        Class C subnet mask
   225.<x.y.z> -        Class D address (multicast only)

239.<x.y.z>
240.<x.y.z> - Class E address (reserved)
254.<x.y.z>
255.255.255.255 Broadcast address

If you use any of the addresses listed above as the IP address for a computer, no other computer can successfully communicate with it.

A subnet mask is an address for a subnetwork used to expand the range of possible IP addresses on the network. A subnet mask acts to identify an IP address on different subnetworks. TCP/IP uses the binary format to resolve an IP address and subnet mask.

Both the IP address and the subnet mask use binary format for each octet. An IP address consists of four octets. The portion of the octet in binary format that is not used by the subnet mask becomes the portion of the IP address that differentiates it from other IP addresses on the same subnetwork. The assigned IP address and the subnet mask are combined in binary format to create the resolved IP address in a TCP/IP network. If the resolved IP address in binary format is all zeros or ones (for example, 11111111, or decimal 255), it is an invalid IP address.

The following table lists sample IP addresses and subnet masks for an IP address on a Class C subnetwork. These addresses assume that the first three octets of each IP address and subnet mask are valid.


   IP address     Subnet mask      Resolved IP address   Result
   -------------------------------------------------------------
   00000001 (1)   11111100 (252)   11111101 (253)        valid
   00000011 (3)   11111100 (252)   11111111 (255)        invalid

For information about troubleshooting TCP/IP, please see the following article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

ARTICLE-ID: Q172218
TITLE : Microsoft TCP/IP Host Name Resolution Order

Additional query words: connect nic

Keywords : kbenv kbnetwork win95 win98
Version : WINDOWS:95
Platform : WINDOWS
Issue type : kbprb