Document Conventions

This book uses the following typographic conventions:

Example	Description
STDIO.H	Uppercase letters indicate filenames, segment names, and terms used at the operating-system command level.
char, _setcolor, _ _far	Bold type indicates C and C++ keywords, operators, language-specific characters, and library routines. Within discussions of syntax, bold type indicates that the text must be entered exactly as shown.
	Many constants, functions, and keywords begin with either a single or double underscore. These are required as part of the name. For example, the compiler recognizes the _ _cplusplus manifest constant only when the leading double underscore is included.
_ _function `__function`	Many language elements are preceded by a double underscore. For reading clarity, a space is added between the 2 underscores within descriptive text. For accuracy, however, the space between the underscores is omitted in actual code.
expression	Words in italics indicate placeholders for information you must supply, such as a filename. Italic type is also used occasionally for emphasis in the text.
`[option]`	Items inside square brackets are optional.
#pragma pack {1 \| 2}	Braces and a vertical bar indicate a choice among two or more items. You must choose one of these items unless square brackets ([ ]) surround the braces.
`#include <io.h>`	This font is used for examples, user input, program output, and error messages in text.
CL [option...] file...	Three dots (an ellipsis) following an item indicate that more items having the same form may appear.
`while() { . . . }`	A column or row of three dots indicates that part of an example program has been intentionally omitted.
CTRL+ENTER	Small capital letters are used to indicate the names of keys on the keyboard. When you see a plus sign (+) between two key names, you should hold down the first key while pressing the second.
	The carriage-return key, sometimes marked as a bent arrow on the keyboard, is called ENTER.
`"C string"`	Some C constructs, such as strings, require quotation marks. Quotation marks required by the language have the form `" "` or ' ' rather than ‘ ’.
Dynamic-Link Library (DLL)	The first time an acronym is used, it is spelled out, followed by the acronym in parentheses.