R

ranking

A value indicating the degree of matching (0 is a very low degree of matching and 1,000 is the highest degree of matching) of each value determined to match a full-text query.

RDBMS

See relational database management system.

RDO

See Remote Data Objects.

RDS

See Remote Data Service.

referential integrity

An integrity mechanism ensuring that vital data in a database, such as the unique identifier for a given piece of data, remains accurate and usable as the database changes. Referential integrity involves managing corresponding data values between tables when the foreign key of a table contains the same values as the primary key of another table.

regular expression

In UNIX a text pattern consisting of a combination of alphanumeric characters and special characters known as metacharacters.

relational data model

A method of organizing data into two-dimensional tables made up of rows and columns. The model is based on the mathematical theory of relations, a part of set theory.

relational database

A collection of information organized in tables. Each table models a class of objects of interest to the organization (for example, Customers, Parts, Suppliers). Each column in a table models an attribute of the object modeled by the table (for example, LastName, Price, Color). Each row in a table represents one entity in the class of objects modeled by the table (for example, the customer name John Smith or the part number 1346). Queries can use data from one table to find related data in other tables.

relational database management system (RDBMS)

A system that organizes data into related rows and columns. SQL Server™ is an RDBMS.

Remote Data Objects (RDO)

A high-level object interface that provides an information model for accessing remote data sources through ODBC. RDO offers a set of objects that make it easy to connect to a database, execute queries and stored procedures, manipulate results, and commit changes to the server. RDO is the predecessor to ActiveX Data Objects.

Remote Data Service (RDS)

A feature of ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) that allows developers to create data-centric applications within ActiveX®-enabled browsers such as Microsoft® Internet Explorer. RDS creates a framework that permits easy interaction with ODBC databases on corporate intranets and over the Internet. In addition, the design of the RDS offers a programming model that leverages the knowledge of Visual Basic® developers. RDS provides the advantages of client-side caching of data results, updatable data, and support for data-aware ActiveX controls.

resource dispenser

A service that provides the synchronization and management of nondurable resources within a process, providing for simple and efficient sharing by Microsoft Transaction Server objects. For example, the ODBC resource dispenser manages pools of database connections.

resource manager

A system service that manages durable data. Server applications use resource managers to maintain the durable state of an application, such as the record of inventory on hand, pending orders, and accounts receivable. The resource manager works in cooperation with the transaction manager to provide the application with a guarantee of atomicity and isolation (using the two-phase commit protocol). Microsoft SQL Server is an example of a resource manager.

rich client

A client in a Windows DNA application that performs a large amount of processing or uses a large amount of resources. See also thin client, fat server.

role

A symbolic name, such as administrator, employee, or customer, that defines a class of user for a set of components. Each role defines which users are allowed to invoke interfaces on a component.

In the Performance Tracking application; a role describes the characteristics of an application user: the user's position in a group and privileges in the application.

romaji

A writing system based on the Latin alphabet that is used to represent Japanese text.

root element

Sometimes this term is used to refer to the document element but this is misleading, because the top-level element and the document root are not the same. Because of this ambiguity, use of the term "root element" is discouraged.

routing (Microsoft Exchange Server Routing)

Microsoft Exchange Server Routing is a set of tools that simplifies the development of e-mail-based routing and approval applications. It contains three main components, the routing engine, routing objects, and VBScript actions.

routing engine

(Microsoft Exchange Server Routing) This COM component runs on the Event Service on Microsoft Exchange Server version 5.5. It acts as a simple state engine that executes and tracks multiple process instances within a Microsoft Exchange folder. The state is advanced when events fire within the folder. The routing engine supports the execution of flow-control activities directly, and it can call VBScript functions for other activities. Microsoft Exchange Server Routing also works with the Microsoft Transaction Server (MTS).

routing objects

(Microsoft Exchange Server Routing) COM objects that are used to program a routing engine's behavior. These objects allow the creation and manipulation of process maps, which define the series of states to be tracked by the routing engine and the activities to be performed at each step.

routing map

(Microsoft Exchange Server Routing) A routing map lists all the possible states in a route. It is traversed from top to bottom, much like a program, and branches when indicated by a particular state.

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